photolysis

Complex Life’s Narrow Requirements for Atmospheric Gases

July 1, 2019

I have visited the Dead Sea, 1,412 feet below sea level, and have climbed 14,000-foot-high mountains. In both instances I noticed a decrease in...

Geology & Earth

by Hugh Ross Read

Are Oxygen and Ozone Signatures for Life?

September 17, 2018

Many people quickly identify oxygen and ozone as biologically produced molecules in Earth’s atmosphere. For that reason, exoplanet researchers look for oxygen and ozone...

Astronomy

by Hugh Ross Read