Today's New Reason To Believe Archives

October 2005

Today’s New Reason To Believe-Monday, October 31, 2005
Source of X-ray Background Found

  • A team of international astronomers has found the source of the measured X-ray background radiation and strengthened the case for the biblically anticipated, supernatural cosmic creation model. Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) with masses millions to billions of times the mass of the sun reside at the centers of quasars. In the early universe, these SMBHs grew very rapidly, emitting ubiquitous X-rays in the process. However, the measured X-ray background, which is the sum of the X-ray emission from all the SMBHs, was substantially more than the number of optically detectable quasars. A team of astronomers has found a large class of quasars obscured at optical wavelengths that, coupled with the optically detected quasars, accounts for all the X-ray background radiation. This discovery provides additional support for the scientifically testable RTB creation model.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Sunday, October 30, 2005
Ape-to-Human Lineage Challenged

  • The stated 99% genetic similarity between humans and chimpanzees is often reported as evidence for evolution. However, even subtle genetic differences can have profound biological effects. This study shows that the absence of a single sugar on the surface of cells is responsible for the susceptibility of humans to malaria and for the different responses that humans and apes have to malaria parasites. Therefore, a high degree of genetic similarity doesn’t necessarily mean that humans and chimpanzees are closely related organisms. It seems reasonable to propose that a Creator used the same raw materials (genes) to construct both humans and chimpanzees. The Creator then was free to alter these materials to produce very different organisms.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Saturday, October 29, 2005
Complexity in Marine Microbial Community Argues for Design

  • Information in a Nature review article argues for the work of a supernatural Designer. A high degree of complex interactions in a system is strong evidence for an intelligent Designer. A Stanford geophysicist details scientists’ increasing understanding of the complex interactions within the marine microbial community and the environment. For example, the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide removed by the oceans depends sensitively on the abundance relationships of phytoplankton and nutrients. While the measured relationships appear universal, they are actually the average of a diverse range of phytoplankton growing in a wide variety of environments utilizing different growth strategies. This result indicates that the abundance relationships can vary over time in response to environmental changes. Such adaptation provides a mechanism to regulate atmospheric temperatures in response to astronomical phenomena via greenhouse gas removal. Highly complex environmental and biological relationships are expected if the biblically predicted cosmic creation model is correct.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Friday, October 28, 2005
Biochemical Design: Molecular Fine-Tuning

  • New research provides another example of how the cell’s chemistry is fine-tuned for biomolecules to effectively carry out life’s necessary operations. Scientists have discovered that the interaction between RNA and the so-called transcription antiterminator N protein from bacteriophage illustrates biochemical fine-tuning. This interaction depends critically on the precise molecular interaction between the protein’s tryptophan-18 residue and the adenosine A7 residue of the RNA. Such reciprocal action between protein and RNA also depends on the precise chemical environment in the vicinity of these two interacting components. This remarkable display of molecular fine-tuning points to the work of a Creator’s hand.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Thursday, October 27, 2005
Methanotrophic Symbionts Show Design

  • A team of Dutch scientists has found additional evidence of supernatural design in how biological organisms interact with the earth’s environment to maintain a suitable habitat for life. The sun gets brighter as it ages and, therefore, deposits more energy on Earth. One way to prevent the runaway greenhouse heating of the atmosphere expected from this extra energy is to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The researchers discovered that certain bacteria in wetlands oxidize the abundant methane gas produced there and this oxidized methane serves as a carbon source for mosses. The symbiotic relationship of the mosses and bacteria removes methane from the atmosphere and buries significant amounts of carbon (thus removing carbon dioxide), both of which would otherwise contribute to greenhouse heating. This high degree of interaction between biological organisms and the physical environment to maintain a suitable habitat for life is expected if a supernatural Designer is responsible for Earth and its life.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Wednesday, October 26, 2005
Human and Chimpanzee Genetic Differences

  • A brain comparison study between humans and chimpanzees allows for a test of evolutionary and creation models. Many people consider the 99% genetic similarity between humans and chimpanzees as evidence for evolution. This report demonstrates that in spite of the high level of genetic similarity, significant differences also exist. Researchers have learned that gene sequences and expression are significantly different in the human brain compared to the chimp brain. This disparity undoubtedly accounts for the profound biological and behavioral differences between humans and great apes. Such evidence validates the human origins model that asserts that a Creator used the same raw materials (genes) to construct both humans and chimpanzees, but altered and employed these materials in such a way to generate radically different organisms.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Tuesday, October 25, 2005
Bacterial Diversity Studies Show Design

  • Research by three Los Alamos scientists shows the tremendous diversity of life on Earth and the work of a supernatural Designer to allow for that diversity. Because of a few dominant (in quantity) bacteria in soil, it has been difficult to determine how many different types of bacteria exist. The Los Alamos team has developed a mathematical technique that is sensitive to the number of different species. They found that nearly 10 million different species are present in noncontaminated soils. Interestingly, the number of species drops by a factor of 100 when even small levels of heavy metals are introduced, even though the total biomass is unchanged. Earth’s early soil contained high concentrations of metals, but those metals have been removed from soils and concentrated into ores by early bacteria. These results reveal the careful work of a supernatural Intelligence introducing the proper bacteria early in life’s history so that increased diversity can exist today.
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    • Journey Toward Creation, 2nd ed., by Hugh Ross (DVD)

Today’s New Reason To Believe-Monday, October 24, 2005
Chimpanzee Genome: Evidence for Evolution?

  • Evolutionary biologists herald the completion of the chimpanzee genome sequence as evidence for human evolution. According to the analysis humans and chimps display a genetic difference of only 1.23%. It appears as if evolutionary biologists are playing a scientific shell game, however. Preliminary analysis of the chimpanzee genome indicates that humans and chimps display no more than a 93% genetic similarity when all the genetic differences (substitutions, indels, Alu sequences, segmental duplications, chromosomal rearrangements, etc.) are taken into consideration. These significant differences may well account for the stark biological differences between these two organisms. Genetic similarity doesn’t necessarily mean that humans and chimpanzees are evolutionarily connected. Instead, as RTB’s creation model posits, it appears that a Creator used the same raw materials (genes) to construct both humans and chimpanzees, but altered and employed these materials in such a way to generate radically different organisms.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Sunday, October 23, 2005
Precision Dates for Early Solar System Affirm Ancient Cosmos

  • Precision dates for the oldest meteorites affirm the robustness of the biblically predicted cosmic creation model and provide additional evidence against a young universe. If radioisotope dating is inherently flawed as claimed by young-universe creationists, newly obtained ages will show inconsistencies with previously measured ages. On the other hand, if recent measurements confirm previous ages with increasing precision, support for the old-universe big bang model grows. A team of international scientists has dated meteorites to within one million years of the minimum age of the solar system. The calculated age was 4.5662 +/- 0.0001 billion years. This age is good to one part in 10 thousand (which is 10 times more precise than previous dates) and is perfectly consistent with previous dates. Thus, support for a supernatural Cause for this universe continues to grow.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Saturday, October 22, 2005
Biochemical Design: Molecular Motors

  • Researchers have discovered another molecular-level machine that provides evidence for the watchmaker argument. The type III secretion system of pathogenic bacteria is a protein complex found in the bacterial cell envelope. It functions as a needle-shaped molecular machine that transports bacterial proteins into the cytoplasm of the host’s cells. Recent research provides new understanding about the mechanistic operation and efficiency of the type III secretion system. The display of elegant design and machine-like characteristics of this molecular motor reveals the work of a divine "Motor Maker."
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Friday, October 21, 2005
Helium Content of Rocks Does Not Support a Young Earth

  • Research by two Columbia University geophysicists helps resolve a controversy over the helium content of mantle rocks and undermines claims that the earth is young. Most young-earth creationists argue that because scientists find a particular isotope of helium (3He) in mantle rocks, the earth cannot be older than a few thousand years otherwise all the 3He would have escaped. However, recent results show that rocks with the highest concentration of 3He are rocks that show the most evidence of melting (melting should accelerate the helium loss). These results imply that helium diffusion rates in the earth are much slower than originally thought and, therefore, it is no longer surprising that mantle rocks still contain helium. As science advances, evidence for a young earth evaporates while support for the biblically anticipated cosmic creation model becomes stronger.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Thursday, October 20, 2005
Biblical Account of Humanity’s Origin Confirmed

  • A taste receptor study of early humans strengthens the case for the biblical description of human origins. Researchers have determined that natural selection began operating on a taste receptor that detects bitter plant compounds roughly at a time that coincides with humanity’s origin. This type of selection does not take place for the corresponding taste receptor in other primates. Researchers posit that the ability to detect bitter plant compounds at low levels imparted a benefit to the first humans as they began to expand into new environments, since many plant toxins are bitter. This new work follows on the heels of previous genetic studies of DNA that demonstrate a recent origin for humanity from a single location. These studies also indicate that humanity’s original population size was small and that all of humanity traces back to a single woman, called mitochondrial Eve, and a single man, called Y-chromosomal Adam. All evidence to date squares with the biblical account of humanity’s origin.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Wednesday, October 19, 2005
Olivine of Supernova Origin Affirms Solar System Design

  • Three American astronomers have found new evidence for design in the formation of the solar system. In order to have rocky planets (like Earth), the solar nebula from which the planets condense must contain sufficient heavy elements. These heavy elements are produced almost exclusively in the supernovae explosions that occur when sufficiently large stars exhaust their fuel. To account for the abundance of elements and their isotopes in the solar system, two different types of supernovae needed to occur near the solar nebula at the time the solar system formed. If the location and timing of the supernovae are not fine-tuned, the solar nebula will either be blown apart or will not acquire adequate quantities of the heavier elements. The isotopic abundances found in olivine grains in cometary dust studied by these astronomers demonstrated this fine-tuning of location and timing, thus affirming the work of a supernatural Designer in the solar system.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Tuesday, October 18, 2005
Biochemical Design: Molecular Motors

  • William Paley’s nineteenth century watchmaker argument continues to receive a stream of confirmations from twenty-first century science. Just as a watch requires a watchmaker, it logically follows that life, with its amazing design, requires a Creator. The F1-F0 ATPase enzyme produces chemical energy that the cell uses for its operation. This protein complex, nearly ubiquitous throughout the living realm, is a literal rotary motor, replete with a stator, rotor, camshaft, and turbine. This new study demonstrates that the F1-F0 ATPase molecules in mitochondria (organelles that generate energy for the cell) form pairs. The pair formation creates cristae (folds) in the mitochondrial membrane that increase the available surface area for energy production. By manifesting elegant design and machine-like characteristics, these tiny motors point to the work of a divine "Motor Maker."
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Monday, October 17, 2005
Chondrites Show Evidence of Large Impact in the Early Solar System

  • An international team of researchers has enhanced scientists’ understanding of planetary formation, found additional evidence for design in the solar system, and confirmed the antiquity of meteorites. Using lead isotope dating, the team found that chondrules in the meteorites were 4.563 billion years old and, therefore, date to the earliest times of the solar system. Analysis of the chondrules also shows that they formed by heating from a giant impact between planetary embryos after the dust in the early solar system had dissipated. This result demonstrates the presence of planetary-sized objects early in the solar system that coalesced into planets. These objects had been colliding at the right time when a highly fine-tuned collision between two of them formed the Earth-Moon system.
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    • Journey Toward Creation, 2nd ed., by Hugh Ross (DVD)

Today’s New Reason To Believe-Sunday, October 16, 2005
Life’s Minimum Complexity

  • New research of bacterial gene loss provides a test for origin-of-life models. The RTB origin-of-life model predicts that life in its minimal form is complex. Evolutionary models, on the other hand, require life in its minimal form to be simple. Researchers studying the mechanism of gene loss in the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium have demonstrated that up to 80% of its genes can be lost in a nutrient-rich environment. With plenty of nutrients available, otherwise critical genes become unnecessary. Even with a gene loss of this magnitude, 600-700 genes are still necessary. This discovery indicates that at a fundamental level, life is irreducibly complex, just as the RTB model predicts.
    • Howard Ochman, "Genomes on the Shrink," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA102 (2005): 11959-60.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Saturday, October 15, 2005
Water Maser in Quasar is the Most Distant One Discovered

  • The recent discovery of a water maser in a distant galaxy will strengthen the biblically predicted cosmic creation model. Accurate distance measurements comprise a critical component for any model of the formation and development of the universe. Using a technique developed over the last five years, astronomers can now use water masers in distant galaxies to make direct distance measurements that do not depend on any other calibration. Two American astronomers found a water maser in a quasar with a redshift 10 times greater than any previously discovered masers. A direct distance measurement to this quasar and others at similar redshifts would independently verify scientists’ understanding of the cosmic expansion and acceleration from the biblically predicted big bang creation event.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Friday, October 14, 2005
More Confirmation of Biblical Human Origins Account

  • The biblical description of human origins continues to find support as geneticists study the human genome. Based on linkage disequilibrium mapping of the human genome (which measures the physical association of genetic regions to one another), it appears that humans experienced a genetic bottleneck about 36,000 years ago. This type of genetic effect would be expected if humanity originated recently from a small population, just as the RTB human origins model posits. This new work follows on the heels of previous genetic studies of DNA that also demonstrate a recent origin for humanity from a single location. These studies also indicate that humanity’s original population size was small and that all of humanity traces back to a single woman, called mitochondrial Eve, and a single man, called Y-chromosomal Adam. Mounting genetic evidence supports the biblical account of humanity’s origin.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Thursday, October 13, 2005
Evidence Favoring RTB’s Speciation Model

  • A team of European and American conservation biologists has developed the most powerful and comprehensive field evidence to date for a major tenet of RTB’s speciation model. RTB’s model posits that large-body-sized species manifest a high probability for rapid extinction and a very low probability for speciation and, thus, are not candidates for natural evolution. The biologists’ study of 4,000 land mammal species spanning a body mass range from 2 grams to 4,000 kilograms showed that the slope of extinction risk against six established predictors of extinction becomes steeper with increasing body mass. In particular, a sharp increase in extinction risk occurs at a body mass of three kilograms. Above this size body mass "extinction risk begins to be compounded by the cumulative effects of multiple threatening factors," the authors note. The team’s study establishes that land mammals with large body sizes possess extinction rates that are orders of magnitude larger than the most optimistic speciation rates. Consequently, mammals with large body sizes cannot be the product of natural process evolution.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Wednesday, October 12, 2005
Challenge to Biological Evolution: Convergence

  • With chance as its mechanism, evolution should not produce the same outcome repeatedly. Yet increasing examples of biological convergence demonstrate such repetitions. This new study describes the repeated, independent origin of chemical defense in poison frogs and the ants upon which these frogs feed in both Madagascar and the Neotropics. From an evolutionary standpoint, the development of this defense mechanism should not occur simultaneously in divergent species from different locations. This newly discovered example of convergence challenges the veracity of the theory of evolution but finds ready explanation in a creation model positing that a Creator repeatedly used the same good designs as He brought new life into existence.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Tuesday, October 11, 2005
New Test of the Nature of Gravity

  • A Michigan Technological University physicist has identified a new test to provide a greater understanding of how gravity works. One crucial confirmation of Einstein’s theory of general relativity was a measurement, during a solar eclipse, of light being deflected by the sun. While general relativity has passed every subsequent test, gravity’s fundamental workings remain mysterious. The researcher has proposed a test to illuminate gravity’s nature by asking whether gravity can "lens" itself. A properly aligned satellite at distances similar to where Pioneer and Voyager spacecraft reside could possibly detect amplification, by the sun, of the satellite’s gravitational effects. A better understanding of the nature of gravity will consequently strengthen the case for the biblically predicted big bang model.
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    • Journey Toward Creation, 2nd ed., by Hugh Ross (DVD)

Today’s New Reason To Believe-Monday, October 10, 2005
Biochemical Design: Molecular Fine-Tuning

  • New research on the nature of the interactions between amino acids and transfer RNAs (tRNA), a class of molecules that play a role in protein synthesis, illustrates the fine-tuning of biochemical systems. Transfer RNA molecules bind specific amino acids and shuttle them to the ribosome during protein synthesis. (The cell’s machinery makes proteins by linking together amino acids in a specific sequence to form a molecular chain of amino acids.) The enzymes that bind amino acids to tRNAs (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases) effectively distinguish the appropriate amino acid from the other 19 amino acids used for protein synthesis. This molecular discrimination, critical for the proper assembly of amino acid sequences during protein production, depends on the precise spatial orientation of two amino acid residues in the so-called editing domain of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Just as fine-tuning is one hallmark of well-designed man-made devices, the fine-tuning found in biochemical systems signifies that life originated from the Creator’s hand.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Sunday, October 9, 2005
Supernova Remnant Age is Evidence Against a Young Universe

Today’s New Reason To Believe-Saturday, October 8, 2005
Life’s Minimum Complexity Supports Creation Model

  • New research indicates that minimal life forms capable of living independently in nature are amazingly complex, as the RTB origin-of-life model predicts. Evolutionary models, on the other hand, require life in its minimal form to be simple. Researchers have sequenced the genome of Pelagibacter ubique. This microbe is found throughout the earth’s oceans and accounts for 25% of all microbial cells. The organism’s genome consists of 1,354 genes, meaning that to date P. ubique stands as the smallest genome for a free-living life form. Microbes with smaller genomes are parasitic and, therefore, not good representatives for the first life forms on Earth. By showing that life at its most fundamental level is irreducibly complex, such studies help to distinguish which origins model is correct.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Friday, October 7, 2005
No Gravitational Lensing Found in the Cosmic Microwave Background

  • Research by two Alabama physicists may provide additional evidence for fine-tuning in the earliest development of the universe. In analyzing the cosmic microwave background, they did not find the expected gravitational lensing predicted by most inflationary scenarios. They also note that recent results do show the expected lensing signature when looking at distant quasars. They conclude that the curvature of space may have been influenced on large scales after the inflationary epoch. Whatever this "influence" might have been, it must operate in such a way that does not affect the structure or development in the early universe. As scientists understand the absence of detectable gravitational lensing in the cosmic microwave background, the evidence for fine-tuning by a cosmic Influencer in the early universe will grow.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Thursday, October 6, 2005
Biblical Account of Humanity’s Origin Confirmed

  • Researchers have discovered more evidence for RTB’s human origins model. The study examined the genetic variation of Asian people groups and confirmed the primeval migrational pattern of humanity from near the Middle East into Asia. This data squares with previous genetic studies of DNA taken from representatives of different population groups that demonstrate that humanity had a recent origin from a single location. These studies also indicate that humanity’s original population size was small and that all of humanity traces back to a single woman, called mitochondrial Eve, and a single man, called Y-chromosomal Adam. The genetic data also indicates that humanity expanded from near the Middle East to populate the globe. Given all the research to date, the biblical description of human origins continues to find support as anthropologists study human genetic variation.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Wednesday, October 5, 2005
Biologically "Fixed" Atmospheric Nitrogen Important for Oceans

  • A team of American scientists found that biological fixing of atmospheric nitrogen is a major component of oceanic nitrogen. Their discovery provides additional evidence that a supernatural Intellect is responsible for Earth’s capacity to support life and for life’s fitness to the environment. Apart from light, sufficient usable nitrogen is the biggest constraint on the biological productivity of primary producers (such as algae) in the ocean. Since nitrogen is continually lost to the deep ocean, it must constantly be replenished. It was long thought that the major replenishment came from recycling the lost nitrogen. The team showed that biological fixing of atmospheric nitrogen contributes as much or more useful nitrogen to certain areas of the ocean as recycling processes. The cooperation of geological and biological processes to sustain maximal oceanic life provides additional testimony of the planning and design of a super-intelligent, supernatural Creator.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Tuesday, October 4, 2005
Biochemical Design: Molecular Fine-Tuning

  • New research on the chemical mechanism of protein synthesis at the ribosome illustrates the fine-tuning required for biomolecules to effectively carry out life’s necessary operations. The ribosome is a subcellular structure formed from proteins and RNA molecules. It links together amino acids in a specific sequence to form protein chains. Researchers have modeled the chemical interactions that take place at the ribosome that lead to chemical bond formation between amino acids. They conclude that the precise spatial orientation of the ribosomal RNA chain produces a "preorganized hydrogen bond network" that is poised for catalysis. Without this molecular fine-tuning, catalysis would not proceed with the efficiency necessary for life. Precision is one hallmark of well-designed man-made devices. Similarly, the fine-tuning that is characteristic of biochemical systems signifies that life originated from the Creator’s hand.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Monday, October 3, 2005
Inhomogeneities Don’t Explain Cosmic Acceleration Data

  • Research by two physicists from the University of Florida strengthens the case for continuous cosmic expansion and for the design revealed by the recently discovered acceleration of this expansion. Type Ia supernovae data over the past 10 years compellingly show that the cosmic expansion began accelerating about 5 billion years ago. The simplest explanation for the acceleration relies on a space energy density, or dark energy, that mimics the cosmological constant in Einstein’s equations of general relativity. However, the required value of the dark energy is incredibly fine-tuned when compared to the value predicted by particle physics. Some scientists hoped that inhomogeneities in how matter/energy was distributed in the universe would explain the acceleration without need for dark energy. Results by the University of Florida researchers remove this hope by demonstrating that inhomogeneities contribute negligibly to the cosmic expansion and never mimic the effects of dark energy. The case for the biblically predicted cosmic creation model with a super-intelligent Designer continues to grow.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Sunday, October 2, 2005
"Junk DNA Has Function" Redux

  • Another identified function for so-called junk DNA continues to chip away at this icon of evolution. Evolutionary biologists maintain that because junk DNA is an imperfection, it provides incontrovertible evidence for evolution. Numerous recent studies, however, have identified function for many types of junk (or noncoding) DNA. In this new study researchers found that junk DNA in the ribosomal RNA intergenic regions of Saccharomyces (yeast) species has utility. Such functional importance of junk DNA indicates that careful planning by an Intelligent Designer, rather than undirected, random biochemical events, shaped the genomes of organisms.
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Today’s New Reason To Believe-Saturday, October 1, 2005
Primordial Star Formation Easier Than Previously Thought

  • Simulations by a team of American scientists show that early stars can form quickly, providing additional support for the biblically predicted cosmic creation model. It is relatively easy to understand the formation of the very first stars because the ingredients and conditions are well-known. These first stars burn very quickly and die in massive explosions that spew a multitude of elements heavier than helium into the interstellar medium. It is more challenging to understand the formation of second-generation stars, however, because modeling star formation in the aftermath of these explosions is difficult. And without subsequent generations of stars, the universe would not be endowed with life-essential heavy metals. However, recent higher resolution simulations show that although the massive explosions generate high temperatures and entropy, they also catalyze rapid molecular hydrogen formation, which enables the halos of the next generation of stars to cool more efficiently. Consequently, the earliest second-generation stars are able to form quickly, i.e., within 20-30 million years. These results strengthen the case for a supernatural Creator forming the universe nearly 14 billion years ago.
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